The nutrient artery of tibia arises distally to the circumflex fibular artery.The proximal part of the posterior tibial artery as far as where the fibular artery branches off is often referred to as the tibiofibular trunk (or tibioperoneal trunk). The fibular artery arises approximately 2.5cm after the posterior tibial artery arises, distal to the popliteal muscle, where it descends along the medial aspect of the fibula.It surrounds the neck of fibula and anastomoses with the inferior medial and lateral genicular and anterior tibial recurrent arteries. The circumflex fibular artery arises immediately after the origin of the posterior tibial artery.The posterior tibial artery has ten branches in total circumflex fibular, nutrient, muscular, perforating, communicating, medial malleolar, calcaneal, fibular, lateral plantar and medial plantar arteries. A handy mnemonic to remember their relations going anteroposteriorly is VAN (Veins-Artery-Nerve). At the level of the flexor retinaculum, the tibial artery is found posterior to the veins and anterior to the posterior tibial nerve (branch of the tibial nerve). The nerve crosses the posterior side of the artery’s origin and is located medial to the artery along its course. The artery is also in relation to the tibial nerve. The two posterior tibial veins accompany the artery. The terminal bifurcation of the posterior tibial artery is located deep to the adductor hallucis muscle. It then traverses the tarsal tunnel, deep to the flexor retinaculum, entering the plantar compartment of the foot. At the ankle level, the artery runs parallel and anterior to the calcaneal tendon. The distal part of the artery is more superficial, coursing underneath the skin. As it descends through the leg, the artery courses over the posterior surfaces of the tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, tibia and the ankle joint. The proximal part of the posterior tibial artery lies deep to the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. This article will discuss the anatomy and functions of the posterior tibial artery. Proximal end of fibula, tibia, soleus muscle, deep flexors of leg, skin and fascia of posterior leg and heel, muscles of sole of foot Terminal branches: Lateral plantar and medial plantar arteries Key facts about the posterior tibial artery OriginĬircumflex fibular, nutrient, muscular, perforating, communicating, medial malleolar, calcaneal. It terminates below the medial malleolus by giving off two terminal branches medial plantar artery and lateral plantar artery. It is located in the posterior compartment of the leg, coursing from the inferior margin of the popliteus muscle up to the medial malleolus.Īlong its course, the posterior tibial artery gives off eight branches that supply the structures of the posterior leg compartment. The posterior tibial artery is a branch of the popliteal artery that supplies the posterior compartment of the leg and the sole of the foot. Posterior tibial artery (Arteria tibialis posterior)
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